What is the primary health effect associated with radon exposure?

• A. Leukemia
• B. Heart disease
• C. Lung cancer
• D. Skin cancer

Answer: (C)

Radon exposure primarily increases the risk of lung cancer because it is inhaled and its decay products emit alpha radiation directly in the lungs. The alpha particles delivered to the bronchial and lung tissue cause DNA damage over time, leading to cancer development. This is the best-supported health effect, and the risk is notably higher for smokers due to synergistic effects. Other cancers like leukemia or skin cancer aren’t as strongly linked to indoor radon exposure, and heart disease isn’t a direct radiation outcome from radon inhalation. To reduce risk, test homes for radon and apply mitigation strategies such as improved ventilation or sub-slab depressurization.